{"id":1587,"date":"2020-06-09T10:34:41","date_gmt":"2020-06-09T08:34:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/environmental-biotechnologies-what-is-their-function-and-how-they-work\/"},"modified":"2023-09-07T13:13:38","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T11:13:38","slug":"environmental-biotechnologies-what-is-their-function-and-how-they-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/environmental-biotechnologies-what-is-their-function-and-how-they-work\/","title":{"rendered":"ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGIES, WHAT IS THEIR FUNCTION AND HOW THEY WORK"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1587\" class=\"elementor elementor-1587 elementor-1576\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-28d2b7b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"28d2b7b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df34d55\" data-id=\"df34d55\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9854ead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9854ead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Environmental biotechnologies<\/strong> are the technologies developed by scientist in the field of biology that aim to improve environmental impact. Let\u2019s see together what environmental biotechnologies are and what their benefits are.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e1c3b8 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"9e1c3b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\tIndice dei contenuti\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__9e1c3b8\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__9e1c3b8\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__9e1c3b8\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20ca673 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"20ca673\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Technology and environment, what are environmental biotechnologies?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9fbdad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9fbdad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn current language the term <strong>biotechnologies<\/strong> is referred to a set of technologies that are developed for a wide range of applications, depending on the specific field. Biotechnologies were used for the first time many centuries ago to facilitate the fermentation of wine and beer, or to enhance leavening. Thanks to them it is possible to incorporate genes from different species into plants, for instance to optimise natural selection and to increase performance and resistance to disease.\r\n\r\nThe applications of biotechnologies also cover the field of bioremediation, which refers to the treatment, recycling and recovery of waste through active microorganisms. However, they are also applied to medicine and therapy. Furthermore, those who operate in the field of genetic engineering deal with genetically modified organisms that are able to create the insulin synthesis and antibiotics.\r\n\r\nThe main tool used by biotechnology is indeed genetic engineering, through the manipulation of remodelled DNA that is used to create entirely new organisms. Genetic engineering also allows to make prenatal diagnoses on embryos and to reveal any genetic diseases.\r\n\r\nThe productive experimentation of biotechnology also concerns the production of consumer goods, such as agricultural products with a low environmental impact. For example, the use of chemical and biological technologies is important for insect control purposes. The tested substances have different chemical formulas that are only effective on individual species.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ccecf9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ccecf9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Agricolture e biotechnologies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f8be15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f8be15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBiotechnologies also bring a considerable degree of innovation in the agricultural sector. For instance, they are used to increase food productivity through further improvements in performance, to lower costs and to develop new products to meet the demanding consumers&#8217; requests. Another example of the applications of the biotechnologies may be the new seeds and new pesticides that are produced for veterinary diagnostics and therapies, but also the food additives and groceries with higher nutritional value.\r\n\r\nThe processing of certain varieties of corn, cotton and tomato serves precisely to introduce into their genetic heritage those genes deriving from bacteria, which regulate the synthesis of numerous toxins, to prevent them from being attacked by insects. In this way, plants are able to defend themselves, so that the lethal effects of these toxins are limited.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40caadd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40caadd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Advantages and disadvantages of biotechnologies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e9a600 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e9a600\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe use of biotechnologies implies both <strong>advantages and disadvantages<\/strong>, especially regarding nature protection, due to the release of genetically modified organisms into the environment.\r\n\r\nIndeed, the GMOs behave in the same way as the other living organisms, as they reproduce and modify themselves. Not only the organisms, but also the genetic modifications can affect the health of other living creatures and jeopardise biodiversity. As a result, it is possible to achieve a lower production of waste products, a simplification of the industrial cycles and a reduction in the use of fertilizers.\r\n\r\nConsiderable efforts have been made in the past to allow the production of ammonia using microorganisms, in order to find bacteria that can provide nitrogen fertilisers to those plant species that do not belong to the category of the leguminous plants. Enzyme-based chemical production technologies can have many applications thanks to the progress made in DNA manipulation. Indeed, this allows to obtain any enzyme on a large scale and at low cost. Enzyme biochemistry based on molecular genetics is able to design enzymes that address targeted properties, based on a set of specific requirements.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c8e93f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c8e93f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The costs of environmental technologies<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fbc0f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4fbc0f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAlthough these technologies are appealing because of the opportunities they offer, their <strong>costs<\/strong> and those of their products are still high. Moreover, the improvements that can be made in the applications of a new technology are strictly dependent on the scientific disciplines that lie behind the biotechnologies. However, despite their high costs, the strength of environmental technologies continues to be their <strong>low environmental impact<\/strong>.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a265d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"73a265d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The future of biotechnologies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0edab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0edab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe growing sector related to the environmental biotechnologies will offer many <strong>development opportunities, both in Italy and in Europe<\/strong>, especially for researchers and professionals. For each Euro that is invested in research and development in the <strong>bioeconomy<\/strong>, the return on added value will be \u20ac10 by 2025. In terms of recruitment, 1.7 million people are currently employed in this industry, while the bioeconomy itself is worth \u20ac2.2 trillion, with a total of 19 million jobs. The numbers are set to grow precisely because the European Union has placed the bioeconomy at the heart of its sustainable growth model.\r\n\r\nSo far, environmental biotechnologies have been used mainly to rehabilitate polluted sites. However, nowadays they are also used to transform waste into new resources, to facilitate the transition from a linear to a circular economy. As a matter of fact, the products that are currently used in the field of consumer electronics have a short life cycle, and their recycling rate only reaches the 10%. Thanks to those technologies that are still in the R&amp;D stage, the bioeconomy will be able to replace fossil fuels and to limit the impact on the environment and on the climate change. A clear example of this is the transformation of paper waste and innovations in the agri-food sector.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f221a76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f221a76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Education and biotechnology<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-743ff97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"743ff97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe first academic degrees in biotechnology were introduced in Italy in 1994, and are currently offered by 79 Italian universities. However, many of these courses solely focus on theory and tend to neglect laboratory practice; contextually, they are generally not conceived to create the necessary bond with the business world.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-045b116 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"045b116\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The biotech industry and the red, green and white biotechnologies<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73318b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73318b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAs it was mentioned above, biotechnologies can be applied in many different contexts, thanks to the multitude of cells and enzymes types they can exploit. The scope of this analysis will now focus on the specific fields that can be covered by biotechnologies.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b61889b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b61889b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Red Biotechnologies<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709ab31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"709ab31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRed biotechnologies are linked to medicine and therefore serve to improve human health. For instance, they can help to reconstruct parts of human tissue or damaged organs, or to design an absorbable drug for the body. The design of a new drug takes into account the necessary chemical-physical requirements, also preventing the organism from being attacked and degraded.\r\n\r\nRed biotechnologies are also related to gene therapies, as they assist in the introduction of a gene into the patient&#8217;s cells, to facilitate the cure of the disease and to produce vaccines and anti-tumours drugs. Similarly, cancer diagnoses can also be simplified by the so-called monoclonal antibodies.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cec674 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0cec674\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Green Biotechnologies<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86ed3dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86ed3dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGreen biotechnologies encompass those applications that are related to agriculture, such as the synthesis of biofertilizers and biopesticides having low environmental impact. Plants lend themselves particularly well to genetic manipulation as they have considerable variability and versatility. The application of biotechnology to crops can lead to longer storage times and to a higher productivity and pest resistance. In addition, it is possible to promote the hybridization of plants with special characteristics.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1512a7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1512a7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">White Biotechnologies<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3858d29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3858d29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>White biotechnologies<\/strong> are industrial biotechnologies that use biological assets to produce a commercial product and require mild operating conditions, allowing savings in terms of investment, infrastructure and hazardous waste.\r\n\r\nIn this case, the application fields may be food, cosmetics or energy, but the production of enzymes is certainly the most profitable, precisely because of the adaptability of the related enzymes. Red, green and white biotechnologies are not the only existing ones. For instance, <strong>blue biotechnologies<\/strong> involve those techniques applied to aquatic organisms. Additionally, <strong>grey biotechnologies<\/strong> are used in environmental applications and <strong>yellow biotechnologies<\/strong> are designed to study internal cellular connections.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ceaa15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ceaa15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biotechnologies and circular economy <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0673ca9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0673ca9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEnvironmental biotechnologies aim to become key to the circular economy by turning waste into new raw material for industrial use. These technologies are increasingly linked to industry and represent the answer to climate change challenges. Focusing on the bioeconomy is useful because of the need to ensure the production of plastics that today are only derived from oil, without jeopardizing food security. The problem of waste and the need to transform it into resources is still unresolved.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d3d785 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5d3d785\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bioeconomy, biotechnologies and oil<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-744a8f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"744a8f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn Italy there are more than 30 biorefineries producing bioethanol, biodiesel, oleochemical and wood-based products using products such as cellulose, bio-based chemicals, biofuels, biodegradable electricity and heat.\r\n\r\nThe future goal will be the development of new technologies allowing the use of cellulose and lignin as raw materials, with the aim of using atmospheric CO2 directly to produce the compounds needed by the humans.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Environmental biotechnologies are the technologies developed by scientist in the field of biology that aim to improve environmental impact. Let\u2019s see together what environmental biotechnologies are and what their benefits are. Indice dei contenuti Technology and environment, what are environmental biotechnologies? In current language the term biotechnologies is referred to a set of technologies that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":3970,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-journal-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1587"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3972,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1587\/revisions\/3972"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3970"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ippo-engineering.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}